Showing 70 of 70

IUPHAR review: From foe to friend: Repurposing glucagon to treat obesity and type 2 diabetes.

Moderate Confidence Review

2026 • 41478576

retatrutide

Retatrutide for the treatment of obesity, obstructive sleep apnea and knee osteoarthritis: Rationale and design of the TRIUMPH registrational clinical trials.

Low Confidence Trial Design

2026 • 41090431

retatrutide

Strategic Design of Triple GLP-1R/GCGR/GIPR Agonists with Varied Receptor Potency: Achieving Comparable Glycemic and Weight Reduction Effects.

Low Confidence In Vitro

2025 • 40958513

retatrutide

Tirzepatide as Compared with Semaglutide for the Treatment of Obesity.

High Confidence RCT

2025 • 40353578

tirzepatidesemaglutide

Immunogenicity of therapeutic peptide products: bridging the gaps regarding the role of product-related risk factors.

Moderate Confidence Review

2025 • 40607385

semaglutideretatrutidebpc-157

The Clinical Application of GLP-1RAs and GLP-1/GIP Dual Receptor Agonists Based on Pharmacological Mechanisms: A Review.

Moderate Confidence Review

2025 • 41312047

tirzepatide

Cagrilintide-Semaglutide in Adults with Overweight or Obesity and Type 2 Diabetes.

High Confidence RCT

2025 • 40544432

cagrilintidesemaglutide

Melanotan II nasal spray: a possible risk factor for oral mucosal malignant melanoma?

Low Confidence Case Report

2025 • 40210573

melanotan-ii

Lilly's triple agonist, retatrutide, delivered weight loss of up to an average of 71.2 lbs along with substantial relief from osteoarthritis pain in first successful Phase 3 trial (TRIUMPH-4)

Moderate Confidence RCT

2025 • lilly-pr-triumph-4-topline-2025-12-11

retatrutide

Overview of Epitalon—Highly Bioactive Pineal Tetrapeptide with Promising Properties

Moderate Confidence Review

2025 • 40141333

epitalon

Safety of Intravenous Infusion of BPC157 in Humans: A Pilot Study

Low Confidence Observational

2025 • bpc-157-iv-safety-2025

bpc-157

Body Protective Compound-157 in Orthopedic Applications: A Systematic Review

Low Confidence Review

2025 • bpc-157-orthopedic-review-2025

bpc-157

Cagrilintide-Semaglutide in Adults with Overweight or Obesity and Type 2 Diabetes

High Confidence RCT

2025 • 40544432

cagrilintidesemaglutide

Don't Risk Using Tanning Products Containing Melanotan

Low Confidence Case Report

2025 • tga-melanotan-2025

melanotan-imelanotan-ii

Targeting the incretin system in obesity and type 2 diabetes mellitus.

Moderate Confidence Review

2024 • 38632474

semaglutidetirzepatideretatrutideliraglutide

Effect of BPC-157 on Symptoms in Patients with Interstitial Cystitis: A Pilot Study

Low Confidence Observational

2024 • 39325560

bpc-157

CagriSema Demonstrates Superior Weight Loss in Adults with Obesity or Overweight in the REDEFINE 1 Trial

High Confidence RCT

2024 • redefine-1-cagrisema-2024

cagrilintidesemaglutide

Tirzepatide for Obstructive Sleep Apnea: The SURMOUNT-OSA Trial

High Confidence RCT

2024 • tirzepatide-surmount-osa-2024

tirzepatide

Melanotan I: LiverTox Database Entry

Low Confidence Review

2024 • livertox-melanotan-i-2024

melanotan-i

Triple-Hormone-Receptor Agonist Retatrutide for Obesity - A Phase 2 Trial.

Moderate Confidence RCT

2023 • 37366315

retatrutide

Semaglutide and Cardiovascular Outcomes in Obesity without Diabetes.

High Confidence RCT

2023 • 37952131

semaglutide

Thymosin α1 and Its Role in Viral Infectious Diseases: The Mechanism and Clinical Application.

Low Confidence Review

2023 • 37110771

thymosin-alpha-1

Thymosin β4 and Actin: Binding Modes, Biological Functions and Clinical Applications.

Low Confidence Review

2023 • 36464872

thymosin-beta-4

Double-blind, Randomized Trial on the Effectiveness of Acetylhexapeptide-3 Cream and Palmitoyl Pentapeptide-4 Cream for Crow's Feet.

Moderate Confidence RCT

2023 • 36909866

matrixyl

Efficacy and Safety of Elamipretide in Individuals With Primary Mitochondrial Myopathy: The MMPOWER-3 Randomized Clinical Trial.

Moderate Confidence RCT

2023 • 37268435

ss-31

Into the Light: Afamelanotide and the Treatment of Erythropoietic Protoporphyria in the United States.

Moderate Confidence Observational

2023 • 37683058

melanotan-i

Reminder of Serious Health Risks with Melanotan 2 Self-Tan Products

Low Confidence Case Report

2023 • hpra-melanotan-ii-2023

melanotan-ii

Tirzepatide Once Weekly for the Treatment of Obesity.

High Confidence RCT

2022 • 35658024

tirzepatide

Stable Gastric Pentadecapeptide BPC 157 and Wound Healing.

Low Confidence Review

2021 • 34267654

bpc-157

Once-Weekly Semaglutide in Adults with Overweight or Obesity.

High Confidence RCT

2021 • 33567185

semaglutide

Tirzepatide versus Semaglutide Once Weekly in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes.

High Confidence RCT

2021 • 34170647

tirzepatidesemaglutide

A Phase 2 Clinical Trial on the Use of Cibinetide for the Treatment of Diabetic Macular Edema.

Low Confidence Observational

2020 • 32674280

ara-290

Efficacy of bioactive peptides loaded on hyaluronic acid microneedle patches: A monocentric clinical study.

Low Confidence Observational

2020 • 31134751

snap-8

Thymalin: Activation of Differentiation of Human Hematopoietic Stem Cells.

Low Confidence In Vitro

2020 • 33237528

thymalin

Bremelanotide for the Treatment of Hypoactive Sexual Desire Disorder: Two Randomized Phase 3 Trials.

High Confidence RCT

2019 • 31599840

bremelanotide

Saniona's Tesofensine Meets Primary and Secondary Endpoints in Phase 3 Obesity Registration Trial (Viking Study)

Moderate Confidence RCT

2018 • tesofensine-viking-phase3-2018

tesofensine

Shortened Spadin Analogs Display Better TREK-1 Inhibition, In Vivo Stability and Antidepressant Activity.

Low Confidence Animal Study

2017 • 28955242

pe-22-28

Missing data in clinical trials for weight management.

Moderate Confidence Review

2016 • 26418188

semaglutidetirzepatideretatrutideliraglutide

Semaglutide and Cardiovascular Outcomes in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes.

High Confidence RCT

2016 • 27633186

semaglutide

A Randomized, Controlled Trial of 3.0 mg of Liraglutide in Weight Management.

High Confidence RCT

2015 • 26132939

liraglutide

The mitochondrial-derived peptide MOTS-c promotes metabolic homeostasis and reduces obesity and insulin resistance.

Low Confidence Animal Study

2015 • 25738459

mots-c

Afamelanotide for Erythropoietic Protoporphyria.

High Confidence RCT

2015 • 26132941

melanotan-i

Prospective, randomized, controlled, proof-of-concept study of the Ghrelin mimetic ipamorelin for the management of postoperative ileus in bowel resection patients.

Moderate Confidence RCT

2014 • 25331030

ipamorelin

[A comparison of the anxiolytic effect and tolerability of selank and phenazepam in the treatment of anxiety disorders].

Low Confidence Observational

2014 • 25176261

selank

Pharmacokinetic study of Growth Hormone-Releasing Peptide 6 (GHRP-6) in nine male healthy volunteers.

Low Confidence Observational

2013 • 23099431

ghrp-6

The anti-wrinkle efficacy of argireline, a synthetic hexapeptide, in Chinese subjects: a randomized, placebo-controlled study.

Moderate Confidence RCT

2013 • 23417317

argireline

Promoting effects of thymosin β4 on granulation tissue and new bone formation after tooth extraction in rats.

Low Confidence Animal Study

2012 • 22732845

tb-500thymosin-beta-4

Tesamorelin: a review of its use in the management of HIV-associated lipodystrophy.

Low Confidence Review

2011 • 21668043

tesamorelin

Cathelicidin LL-37: a multitask antimicrobial peptide.

Low Confidence Review

2010 • 20049649

ll-37

Differential chemistry (structure), mechanism of action, and pharmacology of GLP-1 receptor agonists and DPP-4 inhibitors.

Moderate Confidence Review

2009 • 19801361

semaglutide

Hexarelin: a multi-receptor peptide.

Low Confidence Review

2008 • 18787392

hexarelin

PepT1-mediated tripeptide KPV uptake reduces intestinal inflammation.

Low Confidence Animal Study

2008 • 18061177

kpv

Effect of Tesofensine on Bodyweight Loss, Body Composition, and Quality of Life in Obese Patients: A Randomised, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Trial

Low Confidence RCT

2008 • 18950853

tesofensine

The effect of tripeptide-copper complex on human hair growth in vitro.

Low Confidence In Vitro

2007 • 17703734

ghk-cu

Effects of topical copper tripeptide complex on CO2 laser-resurfaced skin.

Low Confidence RCT

2006 • 16847171

ghk-cu

Prolonged stimulation of growth hormone (GH) and insulin-like growth factor I secretion by CJC-1295, a long-acting analog of GH-releasing hormone, in healthy adults.

Moderate Confidence RCT

2006 • 16352683

cjc-1295

Delta sleep-inducing peptide (DSIP): a still unresolved riddle.

Low Confidence Review

2006 • 16539679

dsip

Oral Treatment with MK-677, a Novel Growth Hormone Secretagogue, in Obese Patients: A Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Study

Moderate Confidence RCT

2006 • 16511387

ibutamoren

International Union of Pharmacology. LVI. Ghrelin receptor nomenclature, distribution, and function.

Moderate Confidence Review

2005 • 16382107

ipamorelinghrp-6hexarelin

Better reporting of harms in randomized trials: an extension of the CONSORT statement.

High Confidence Review

2004 • 15545678

semaglutidetirzepatideretatrutide

AOD-9604 Metabolic.

Low Confidence Review

2004 • 15134286

aod-9604

Nutritional and Hormonal Responses to an Oral Secretagogue in Obese Patients

Low Confidence Observational

2004 • 15298931

ibutamoren

Gastric pentadecapeptide BPC 157 accelerates healing of transected rat Achilles tendon and in vitro stimulates tendocytes growth.

Low Confidence Animal Study

2003 • 14554208

bpc-157

Epithalon peptide induces telomerase activity and telomere elongation in human somatic cells.

Low Confidence In Vitro

2003 • 12937682

epitalon

A rescue factor abolishing neuronal cell death by a wide spectrum of familial Alzheimer's disease genes and Abeta.

Low Confidence In Vitro

2001 • 11371646

humanin

A novel pentadecapeptide, BPC 157, blocks the stereotypy produced acutely by amphetamine and the development of haloperidol-induced supersensitivity to amphetamine.

Low Confidence Animal Study

1998 • 9547930

bpc-157

[Effectiveness of semax in acute period of hemispheric ischemic stroke (a clinical and electrophysiological study)].

Low Confidence Observational

1997 • 11517472

semax

The beneficial effect of BPC 157, a 15 amino acid peptide BPC fragment, on gastric and duodenal lesions induced by restraint stress, cysteamine and 96% ethanol in rats. A comparative study with H2 receptor antagonists, dopamine promotors and gut peptides.

Low Confidence Animal Study

1994 • 7904712

bpc-157

Pharmacokinetics of growth hormone-releasing hormone(1-29)-NH2 and stimulation of growth hormone secretion in healthy subjects after intravenous or intranasal administration.

Low Confidence Observational

1993 • 8329825

sermorelin

Hyperglycemic action of synthetic C-terminal fragments of human growth hormone.

Low Confidence Animal Study

1978 • 645904

frag-176-191