Outcomes summary

Systematic review examining the potential therapeutic applications of BPC-157 in orthopedic medicine based on preclinical and clinical evidence; summarizes findings related to tendon, ligament, muscle, and bone healing while highlighting the lack of high-quality human clinical trial data in orthopedic applications.

Limitations

Review article (not a controlled trial); conclusions depend on the quality and reproducibility of included studies, many of which are preclinical animal models; may have publication bias and limited generalizability to human orthopedic conditions given the predominance of animal data.

Notes

Primary source: American Journal of Sports Medicine (2025).